Evaluating Environmental and Ethical Performance in Sports Footwear

Authors

  • Anja Bebić DOBA Business School, Slovenia
  • Jaka Vadnjal DOBA Business School, Slovenia
  • Hrvoje Budić The Faculty of Tourism and Rural Development, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Croatia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54820/entrenova-2025-0085

Keywords:

Sustainable consumption, sports footwear, environmental performance, ethical business practices, corporate sustainability

Abstract

Customers and stakeholders increasingly expect companies to be transparent about their ethical and environmental practices, as sustainability becomes a more significant issue in the fashion and sportswear sectors. This research uses a comparative analysis based on secondary data to assess the ethical and environmental performance of several international sports footwear brands. A structured evaluation is used to assess brands such as Nike, Adidas, Puma, Allbirds, Veja, and ASCIS. Some of the covered topics are labor practices, supply chain transparency, carbon emissions, the use of sustainable materials, and circular economy activities. Every business receives a score on a uniform scale, determined by third-party indexes, ESG databases, and publicly accessible sustainability reports and data. The results aim to shed light on potential greenwashing, highlight best practices, and provide readers with a clearer understanding of the current sustainability of the sports footwear industry. This research promotes more responsible and successful sustainable business practices in the athletic footwear market by providing insightful information to scholars, customers, and business executives.

 

Author Biographies

  • Anja Bebić, DOBA Business School, Slovenia

    Anja Bebić is a third-year PhD student in Innovation and Sustainable Business in the Digital Society at DOBA Business School. She works as a co-operator and coordinator with administrative responsibilities at her family company, focusing on management and marketing. Her research interests include sustainable development, digital technologies, and marketing management. She began her studies in the United States on a sports scholarship, continued at the European Business School Zagreb (Bachelor), and obtained a master’s degree in marketing and Sales at DOBA Business School in 2023. The author can be contacted at anja.bebic1@net.doba.si

  • Jaka Vadnjal, DOBA Business School, Slovenia

    Prof. dr. Jaka Vadnjal has built a strong academic career centered on entrepreneurship. After earning his master's and doctoral degrees from the Faculty of Economics in Ljubljana, he spent nine years at GEA College – Faculty of Entrepreneurship. During this time, he served as the dean from 2012 to 2015 and earned the permanent title of full professor in entrepreneurship. His research and teaching focus on a range of topics, including entrepreneurial and family business management, business environment, and managerial economics. He has published over fifty papers in scientific journals and co-authored several textbooks on entrepreneurship. His work has been presented at prominent research conferences worldwide, including Babson, Kaufmann, ISBE, and ISPIM. He also has experience as a visiting professor at several foreign universities. His expertise also includes external quality assurance in higher education. The author can be contacted at jaka.vadnjal@gmail.com

  • Hrvoje Budić, The Faculty of Tourism and Rural Development, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Croatia

    Hrvoje Budić, PhD, is an Assistant Professor in the field of Social Sciences, Economics. He is employed at the Department of Economics, where he teaches Market Research, Human Resource Management, Tourist Destination Management, and Organization and Management. His research interests include organization and management, as well as business process optimization. He received his PhD in Economics from the Faculty of Economics in Osijek in 2021. He further specialized in Applied Methodology for Research and Development at the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Osijek in 2023. He is the recipient of the Festo Award for Young Researchers and Scientists at the 21st DAAAM World Symposium on Intelligent Manufacturing & Automation (Zadar, 2010). The author can be contacted at hbudic@ftrr.hr

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Published

2026-02-22

Issue

Section

Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics • Environmental and Ecological Econo

How to Cite

Evaluating Environmental and Ethical Performance in Sports Footwear. (2026). ENTRENOVA - ENTerprise REsearch InNOVAtion Journal, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.54820/entrenova-2025-0085