Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
type: channel
description: Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics is a journal that deals with a wide range of bioethical topics. The Editorial Board’s intention is to publish original scientific and professional papers related to bioethics in social, biomedical, and other sciences, and humanities. The journal is published twice a year. The journal publishes reviewed papers (double-blind peer review process), as well as papers which do not undergo the review process.
publisher: University of Rijeka, Faculty of Medicine
language: en
publication name: Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
issn: 1847-6376
copyright: Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
items: Editorial
items: Znanstveno-stručni skup Karlovački bioetički susreti: BioetiKa i Migranti
items: Otpad od hrane u vrijeme ekološke, ekonomske i etičke krize
items: Dietary habits and mental health among students at the University of Sarajevo
items: Identity, the badness of death, and a life-processes basis
items: Prikaz knjige: Neksus: kratka povijest informacijskih mreža od kamenog doba do umjetne inteligencije
items: Bioetička analiza usklađenosti normativnog okvira i promotivne prakse u medicinskom oglašavanju u Republici Hrvatskoj
items: Umjetna inteligencija, svijest, singularnost:
items: Pretilost u školske djece i adolescenata
items: Zamjensko majčinstvo:
items: Egzistencijalni aspekti transplantacije srca
items: Editorial (English)
items: Recenzentski kutak: bioetika u teoriji i praksi
items: Bioethics lessons from COVID-19 in the EU and India
items: Understanding cyberbullying roles in primary school
items: Utemeljenje i normativne posljedice skrbi usmjerene na osobu i personalizirane medicine
items: Developing a bioethics education program (BEEP) for teacher education
items: Nedić, Tomislav - Presađivanje organa – pravo, (bio)etika i moral, Medicinska naklada – Hrvatsko filozofsko društvo, Zagreb, 2023.,
items: Guest Editors' Editorial
items: Editorial: A new chapter in continuity: Honoring the past, embracing the future of Jahr
items: Contemplations on knowing in philosophical counselling
items: Smisao života – od antike do egzistencijalizma i logoterapije
items: Metodoontološko viđenje pojma mentalnog zdravlja kod Marxa,Freuda i frankfurtovaca
items: Moralna filozofija Stjepana Zimmermanna
items: Psihoterapijski učinak promjene perspektive
items: Poteškoće i podrška obitelji djeceo boljele od rijetkih bolesti
items: Interreligious perspectives on euthanasia
items: The moral status of the non-human animals in the Western European philosophical tradition
items: A ‘Pathless Land’ of Compassion:

Editorial
type: item
description: Editorial
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
creator: Toni Buterin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-06-26
publication date: 2026-06-26
starting page: 7
ending page: 10

Znanstveno-stručni skup Karlovački bioetički susreti: BioetiKa i Migranti
type: item
description: Prikaz znanstvenog skupa / Scientific Meeting Review
subject: Scientific Meeting Reviews
  topic: section
creator: Vladimir Šupek
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-06-26
publication date: 2026-06-26
starting page: 173
ending page: 175

Otpad od hrane u vrijeme ekološke, ekonomske i etičke krize
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.17.1.7 Porast svjetske populacije uvjetuje povećanje proizvodnje hrane za 60 % do 2050. na globalnoj razini. Prema FAO-u oko 33 % proizvedene hrane gubi se u raznim fazama proizvodnje (uglavnom) u zemljama u razvoju, dok se stvaranje otpada od hrane odnosi na odbacivanje u maloprodaji i potrošnji u razvijenim zemljama. Bacanje hrane dolazi s visokom ekološkom i ekonomskom cijenom te predstavlja rasipanje resursa korištenih u proizvodnji, kao što su zemljište, voda, energija, ljudski rad, i dovodi do nepotrebnih emisija CO2 u atsmoferi. Pretvaranje hrane u otpad proces je koji se svakodnevno odvija na lokalnoj razini u svim dijelovima prehrambenog lanca, a izrazito je povećan u vrijeme turističke sezonalnosti. Većina faktora koji utječu na proces nije objektivna, nego se temelji na neusklađenosti nabave i potreba te krivoj percepciji izgleda i okusa hrane. Neracionalno upravljanje hranom doprinosi energetskoj neučinkovitosti, što znači da rasipanje hrane ima značajan negativan utjecaj na okoliš. Problem stvaranja otpada od hrane predstavlja jedan od ključnih izazova održivog razvoja i zaštite okoliša u turističkim destinacijama. Učinkovito upravljanje procesima smanjenja otpada od hrane ne doprinosi samo smanjenju troškova i ublažavanju ekoloških opterećenja već i jačanju održivog razvoja i turističkog doživljaja destinacije, jer je gubitak poštovanja prema hrani ponajprije kriza morala te zbiljski prijezir spram doma i čovjeka.
subject: Food, Health, and Ethics in the 21st Century: Challenges and Opportunities
  topic: section
subject: okoliš
  topic: keywords
subject: otpad od hrane
  topic: keywords
subject: održivi razvoj
  topic: keywords
subject: turizam
  topic: keywords
subject: hoteli
  topic: keywords
creator: Vedran Poljak
creator: Marijana Jurišić Mustapić
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-06-26
publication date: 2026-06-26
starting page: 119
ending page: 140

Dietary habits and mental health among students at the University of Sarajevo
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.17.1.9 Proper nutrition plays an important role in shaping our thinking and behaviour, and influences how food intake affects our emotions. The aim of the work was to assess the dietary habits and mental health of students. The study is a quantitative, cross-sectional research with observational-analytical methods. Students were selected using the convenience sampling method. Out of the total number of participants who participated in the study N=805. More frequent consumption of cakes/biscuits, fresh fruits, salad/raw vegetables, lemonade/soft drinks, meat/sausages and fish/seafood positively correlates with positive mental health. The development of the participants’ sense of coherence directly positively correlates with more frequent consumption of fresh fruit, lemonade/soft drinks and meat/sausages. Participants who consume fresh fruit, salad/raw vegetable, and lemonade/soft drinks less frequently perceive higher levels of stress. Frequent consumption of lemonade/soft drinks is negatively associated with anxiety, and along with meat/sausages, with depressive symptoms. Mental health correlates with the food categories cakes/biscuits, fresh fruit, salad/raw vegetable, lemonade/soft drinks, meat/sausages, fish/seafood, and fast/canned food.
subject: Food, Health, and Ethics in the 21st Century: Challenges and Opportunities
  topic: section
subject: mental health
  topic: keywords
subject: dietary habits
  topic: keywords
subject: proper nutrition
  topic: keywords
subject: positive mental health
  topic: keywords
creator: Amela Salihović
creator: Arzija Pašalić
creator: Suada Branković
creator: Vedran Đido
creator: Jasmina Mahmutović
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-06-26
publication date: 2026-06-26
starting page: 151
ending page: 166

Identity, the badness of death, and a life-processes basis
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.17.1.8 Jeff McMahan’s framework pairs an ontological thesis – the Embodied Mind Account (EMA), on which personal identity persists with the brain’s capacity to generate consciousness, with an evaluative thesis – the Time-Relative Interest Account (TRIA), on which the badness of death varies with psychological continuity to one’s future. This article argues that, despite their common presentation as complementary “two levels,” EMA and TRIA interact in ways that leave the ultimate ground of death’s badness theoretically unstable, especially given EMA’s original-brain restriction and its division between the death of the conscious subject and that of the human organism. I propose a life-processes biological basis: the irreversible cessation of organismic life-processes (circulation, respiration, metabolism, and integrative functioning) constitutes the deeper ground of death’s prudential harm, while psychological continuity serves as an indicator of its degree when that basis remains intact. This preserves a unified ontology across developmental/pathological conditions and clarifies the relation between identity, survival, and the badness of death.
subject: Food, Health, and Ethics in the 21st Century: Challenges and Opportunities
  topic: section
subject: personal identity; badness of death; prudential harm; life-processes; embodied mind account; time relative interest account
  topic: keywords
creator: Yuichi Minemura
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-06-26
publication date: 2026-06-26
starting page: 141
ending page: 149

Prikaz knjige: Neksus: kratka povijest informacijskih mreža od kamenog doba do umjetne inteligencije
type: item
description: Prikaz knjige
subject: Book reviews
  topic: section
subject: Prikaz knjige
  topic: keywords
creator: Luka Tokić
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-02-06
publication date: 2026-02-06
starting page: 425
ending page: 428

Bioetička analiza usklađenosti normativnog okvira i promotivne prakse u medicinskom oglašavanju u Republici Hrvatskoj
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.16.2.8 Suvremena promotivna praksa u zdravstvenoj komunikaciji značajno mijenja način na koji se pacijentima prezentiraju medicinske informacije i proizvodi, otvarajući pritom nova etička i regulatorna pitanja. Ovo se istraživanje bavi etičkim i normativnim izazovima medicinskog oglašavanja, s posebnim naglaskom na promociju lijekova u kontekstu sve intenzivnije upotrebe internetskih platformi. Polazi se od pretpostavke da digitalni mediji, unatoč potencijalu za povećanje dostupnosti zdravstvenih informacija, otvaraju prostor manipulativnim praksama koje mogu narušiti autonomiju pacijenata, potaknuti neracionalnu uporabu lijekova i dovesti u pitanje pravednost pristupa informacijama. Bioetički principi autonomije, dobročinstva, neškodljivosti i pravednosti primijenjeni su kao teorijski okvir za procjenu usklađenosti promotivnih aktivnosti s profesionalnim i društvenim standardima. Analiza relevantnih propisa ukazuje da normativni okvir Republike Hrvatske formalno pruža zaštitu, no istodobno ukazuje na manjkavosti u regulaciji digitalnih oblika komunikacije u području prikrivenog oglašavanja, sponzoriranih sadržaja i utjecaja na ranjive skupine. Ovo istraživanje zaključno ukazuje na važnost jačanja nadzora, transparentnosti i edukacije zdravstvenih radnika kako bi se osiguralo odgovorno medicinsko oglašavanje te potaknula racionalna uporaba lijekova.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: bioetika, lijekovi, medicinsko oglašavanje, normativni okvir, Republika Hrvatska
  topic: keywords
creator: Ivana Hardi
creator: Filip Has
creator: Ivica Kelam
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-02-06
publication date: 2026-02-06
starting page: 405
ending page: 422

Umjetna inteligencija, svijest, singularnost:
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.16.2.7 Rasprave o svijesti u umjetnoj inteligenciji često se temelje na komputacijskom funkcionalizmu – pretpostavci da je izvođenje odgovarajućih računskih procesa dovoljno za pojavu svijesti. Znanstvenici poput Bena Goertzela i Josche Bacha brane ovu poziciju, tvrdeći da je funkcionalna arhitektura, neovisno o fizičkom supstratu, ključna za razumijevanje uma. Thomas Metzinger, iako otvoren prema mogućnosti strojne svijesti, upozorava na duboke etičke implikacije te zagovara moratorij na razvoj fenomenalno svjesnih sustava dok ne razvijemo adekvatne etičke okvire. Brojni mislioci – poput Neda Blocka, Marka Solmsa i Davida Bentleyja Harta – upozoravaju na teorijske i ontološke manjkavosti funkcionalističkih i komputacijskih pristupa. Block ističe biološku ukorijenjenost svijesti, dok Solms smatra da bez afektivnih komponenti umjetni sustavi ne mogu posjedovati um. Hartov kritički zaokret odbacuje mehanicističku metafiziku na kojoj počivaju ovi pristupi. Hart tvrdi da umjetna inteligencija, iako učinkovita u simulaciji intencionalnog ponašanja, ostaje ontološki nesposobna za svijest, moralnu unutrašnjost ili refleksivnost – čime se potencira njezina neodgovornost i etička neutralnost. Hartova kritika naglašava da se iza privida racionalnosti i učinkovitosti krije tehnokratski model moći: AI ne predstavlja svjesnu volju, već impersonalnu logiku Kapitala koja zamagljuje etičku odgovornost i produbljuje strukturalnu nepravdu.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: svijest, umjetna inteligencija, funkcionalizam, komputacionalizam, analogija između uma i stroja
  topic: keywords
creator: Jurica Grgić
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-02-06
publication date: 2026-02-06
starting page: 377
ending page: 404

Pretilost u školske djece i adolescenata
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.16.2.4 Tijekom 21. stoljeća civilizacija se susreće s velikim promjenama kada je riječ o stilovima života. Ubrzan razvoj medicinskih znanosti i tehnologije pozitivno je utjecao na produljenje prosječnoga ljudskog života. S druge strane moderan način života dovodi do niza kroničnih nezaraznih bolesti i zdravstvenih tegoba koje se javljaju u sve ranijoj životnoj dobi i mladima narušavaju kvalitetu života. Dok su u 21. stoljeću u nekim siromašnim zemljama i dalje prisutne pothranjenost i neimaština, u bogatijim zemljama vlada epidemija preuhranjenosti. Djetinjstvo i adolescencija razdoblja su u kojima se kod mladih događa čitav niz promjena u tjelesnoj, socijalnoj i emocionalnoj domeni, ali i vrijeme stjecanja stavova prema osobnom zdravlju te životnih navika i ponašanja koja, ako nisu pravilna, čine osnovu i temelj za razvoj bolesti i tegoba koje predstavljaju ogroman teret, kako djeci i njihovim roditeljima tako i suvremenom društvu u cjelini. Pravo na zdravlje jedno je od temeljnih prava djeteta. Roditelji, škola i šira zajednica imaju moralnu odgovornost prema djeci u kontekstu njihova razvoja, obrazovanja i zdravlja. Odgovornost podrazumijeva donošenje odluka koje idu u svrhu zaštite i afirmiranja dobrobiti, uz poštovanje prava i dostojanstva svakog djeteta. Pojava rane pretilosti utječe na sve aspekte djetetova života te kao takva predstavlja značajan izazov za javno zdravlje i društvo. Životne se navike usvajaju od najranije dobi, stoga školska djeca zahtijevaju posebnu pažnju roditelja i škole kako bi se osiguralo da odrastu u zdrave mlade ljude koji će kao nositelji pozitivnih promjena oblikovati održivu budućnost.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: adolescenti, pretilost, prevencija, školska djeca
  topic: keywords
creator: Ivan Veber
creator: Meri Reili
creator: Dorothea Bedeković
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-02-06
publication date: 2026-02-06
starting page: 329
ending page: 346

Zamjensko majčinstvo:
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.16.2.3 Praksa surogatstva globalno uzima maha unatoč manjkavoj legislativi, neujednačenim zakonima, etičkim dvojbama, loše reguliranim postupcima i nedovoljno istraženim učincima na psihofizički integritet djeteta i zamjenske majke te učincima na društvo u cjelini. U Hrvatskoj i većini zemalja zamjensko je majčinstvo zabranjeno, a tamo gdje je dopušteno, zakonska se regulativa razlikuje, pa se negdje odobrava altruističko surogatstvo, a negdje i komercijalno. Zabrana surogatstva ne sprječava naručitelje da nađu zamjensku majku u inozemstvu, u čemu im pomažu posredničke agencije specijalizirane za ugovaranje surogatstva, ostvarujući pritom značajan profit. Prekogranično zamjensko majčinstvo, tzv. surogat-turizam, dodatno povećava rizik od narušavanja prava, interesa i dobrobiti djeteta, kao i zamjenske majke, koja je uglavnom slaboga socioekonomskog statusa, nedovoljno informirana o postupcima i rizicima i bez adekvatne pravne zaštite. Praksa komercijalnog surogatsva se, zbog svega navedenog, nerijetko opisuje kao eksploatacija žena i trgovanje uterusima. Posljedice po mentalno i tjelesno zdravlje odvajanja djeteta i majke neposredno ili ubrzo po rođenju uglavnom se ignoriraju ili su podređene interesu naručitelja. O biološkom učinku epigenetskih čimbenika na genom djeteta in utero u surogatstvu se gotovo uopće ne govori, iako znanstvena istraživanja intrauterine epigenetske mehanizme dovode u vezu s cjeloživotnim zdravljem. Potrebno je preispitivati praksu zamjenskog majčinstva s bioetičkog, pravnog, biološko-medicinskog i drugih aspekata ukorak sa znanstvenim spoznajama kako se ovaj novi oblik ostvarivanja roditeljstva ne bi pretvorio u globalni eksperiment nepredvidivih posljedica. Međunarodna koordinacija i ujednačena legislativa nužna je kako bi se dokinula komercijalizacija rađanja i zaštitili najbolji interes i prava djeteta i ljudska prava.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Ključne riječi: surogat, zamjensko majčinstvo, potpomognuta oplodnja, zakonski okvir, ishodi surogatstva.
  topic: keywords
creator: Ivna Kocijan
creator: Ivana Đuras
creator: Marija Slivonja
creator: Marija Brdarević
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-02-06
publication date: 2026-02-06
starting page: 307
ending page: 328

Egzistencijalni aspekti transplantacije srca
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.16.2.6 Transplantacija srca, kao jedna od najkompleksnijih i najsuvremenijih medicinskih metoda, bolesnicima pruža nadu za produljenje života, ali ih istovremeno suočava s brojnim psihološkim i socijalnim izazovima. Razdoblje čekanja na transplantaciju može predstavljati duboko osobno i egzistencijalno iskustvo, obilježeno osjećajem bespomoćnosti, strahom od smrti, gubitkom kontrole te traženjem smisla u patnji. Logoterapija je usmjerena na otkrivanje smisla u patnji i izazovnim životnim okolnostima, naglašavajući mogućnost izbora stava prema onome što se ne može promijeniti. Njezin utemeljitelj, Viktor Frankl, smatrao je ključnim elementima logoterapije slobodnu volju, volju za smislom i smisao života. Egzistencijalna pitanja napose dolaze u prvi plan u situacijama suočavanja s ozbiljnim zdravstvenim teškoćama. Ovaj rad analizira egzistencijalne aspekte iskustva bolesnika tijekom procesa čekanja na transplantaciju srca, s posebnim naglaskom na mogućnosti logoterapije kao oblika psihološke podrške. Kliničko iskustvo pokazuje da logoterapijske intervencije mogu doprinijeti otkrivanju smisla ubolesti, prihvaćanju neizvjesnosti i jačanju svijesti o vlastitim životnim vrijednostima, štopozitivno utječe na psihološku otpornost i kvalitetu života bolesnika u ovome zahtjevnomrazdoblju.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: logoterapija, transplantacija srca, smisao života, patnja, psihološka otpornost
  topic: keywords
creator: Valentina Ričković
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-02-06
publication date: 2026-02-06
starting page: 367
ending page: 375

Editorial (English)
type: item
description: Editorial
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
creator: Toni Buterin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-02-06
publication date: 2026-02-06
starting page: 263
ending page: 264

Editorial
type: item
description: Editorial
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
creator: Toni Buterin
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-02-06
publication date: 2026-02-06
starting page: 261
ending page: 262

Recenzentski kutak: bioetika u teoriji i praksi
type: item
description: Prikaz knjige / Book review
subject: Book reviews
  topic: section
subject: bioetika, recenzije publikacija,
  topic: keywords
creator: Sandra Radenović
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-06-26
publication date: 2026-06-26
starting page: 169
ending page: 172

Bioethics lessons from COVID-19 in the EU and India
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.17.1.6 The COVID-19 pandemic exposed profound ethical tensions in public health decision-making across Europe and India. This preliminary communication compares selected EU and Indian experiences through a narrative review of published ethical analyses covering triage, digital surveillance, research ethics, vaccine governance, migrant vulnerabilities, and the protection of fundamental rights. Literature was identified through systematic searches of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science using terms related to COVID-19 ethics, public health measures, triage, digital epidemiology, and vaccine governance. The review highlights how emergency public health measures frequently collide with the principles of equity, dignity, proportionality, transparency, and democratic accountability. EU literature emphasises the fragility of rights-based systems during crises, while Indian analyses draw attention to resource scarcity, digital inequities, and the ethical complexities of large-scale behavioural interventions. By placing these perspectives within a common analytical framework, this paper identifies convergent concerns: the risk of normalising emergency powers, unequal burdens on disadvantaged groups, and insufficient ethical safeguards in technological and clinical responses. These findings underscore the need to strengthen bioethics frameworks that can guide responses to future pandemics in diverse sociopolitical contexts.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Nandkumar Kamat
creator: Sanjyot Pai Vernekar
creator: Savita Kerkar
creator: Sujata Dabolkar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-06-26
publication date: 2026-06-26
starting page: 105
ending page: 115

Understanding cyberbullying roles in primary school
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.16.2.2 This study investigates the prevalence and characteristics of distinct roles in cyberbullying: victims, perpetrators, and victim-perpetrators in elementary schools. The random sample consisted of 1.662 students from elementary schools in Zagreb, the capital of Croatia, and the research was conducted using the European Cyberbullying Intervention Project Questionnaire (ECIPQ). Participants were classified into cyberbullying roles based on their responses to ECIPQ and compared across a range of individual (gender, grade level, loneliness), digital (frequency and type of internet use), school-related (academic success, absenteeism), and family-related (parental relationship status) variables, as well as their tendency to report peer victimization. Based on the data, the most common role in cyberbullying was being non-involved, followed by victims, victim-perpetrators, and finally, perpetrators as the least common group. Findings revealed significant differences among the roles in nearly all examined domains. Victim-perpetrators reported the highest levels of loneliness, absenteeism, and internet use and were most likely to report experiences of victimization. Girls were more frequently classified as victims or victim-perpetrators, while students in higher grades showed greater involvement in cyberbullying. Reporting of peer victimization was significantly more common among students who experienced victimization. The role-based approach highlighted distinct patterns of emotional vulnerability and digital behavior, underscoring the need for early, targeted interventions focused on digital resilience, communication safety, and emotional support within elementary school environments.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: cyberbullying
  topic: keywords
subject: elementary school students
  topic: keywords
subject: role in cyberbullying behavior
  topic: keywords
subject: ECIPQ
  topic: keywords
creator: Lucija Vejmelka
creator: Stjepka Popović
creator: Lana Ciboci
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-02-06
publication date: 2026-02-06
starting page: 285
ending page: 306

Utemeljenje i normativne posljedice skrbi usmjerene na osobu i personalizirane medicine
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.17.1.3 Suvremeni zdravstveni sustavi obilježeni su promjenom paradigme u pristupu čovjeku kao pacijentu. Dok je tradicionalna medicina utemeljena na biomedicinskoj paradigmi, trenutačno se sve više naglašavaju pristup skrbi usmjerene na osobu i personalizirana medicina. Iako su posrijedi koncepti koji naglašavaju višu razinu individualizacije skrbi i boljeg usklađenja dijagnostičko-terapijskih postupaka, riječ je ipak o dvama paradigmatski drugačijim pogledima. Dok personalizirana medicina proizlazi iz biomedicinskog okvira, skrb usmjerena na osobu potječe iz perspektive skrbi i težnje za cjelovitijim pogledom na pacijente. Iako postoji značajna razlika između ovih dvaju pristupa, pretpostavka je da se njihovim zbližavanjem i međusobnom dopunom može postići još viša razina holističkog pristupa i individualizacije s obzirom na to da se potpuno prilagođen dijagnostičko-terapijski pristup nadopunjuje uvažavanjem pacijentova iskustva i vrijednosnih sustava. Takav sveobuhvatan, a opet individualiziran pristup mora imati neposredan etički utjecaj, koji se ponajprije ogleda u primjeni načela autonomije. Naime, dok tradicionalno načelo autonomije zahtijeva pacijentovu slobodu u donošenju odluke na temelju dobivenih informacija, ono u navedenim sustavima mijenja svoje temeljno obilježje, jer osim što pacijent ima sebi prilagođene informacije u odlučivanju, u postupku informiranja i savjetovanja također se uzimaju u obzir i oni elementi koji su u tradicionalnom zadovoljenju načela autonomije zanemareni – životno iskustvo, sustavi vrijednosti i druga obilježja osobe.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: autonomija, bioetika, holizam, medicina, osoba, skrb
  topic: keywords
creator: Damjan Abou Aldan
creator: Luka Janeš
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-06-26
publication date: 2026-06-26
starting page: 57
ending page: 74

Developing a bioethics education program (BEEP) for teacher education
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.17.1.1 Rapid scientific and technological developments increasingly generate bioethical dilemmas affecting decisions about human life, other living beings, and the environment. Addressing such dilemmas requires systematic bioethics education, and teacher education provides an important pathway for fostering ethical awareness in future generations. This study aims to identify prospective teachers’ needs regarding the development of a BEEP. Using a basic qualitative design, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 35 prospective teachers from a Faculty of Education in western Türkiye and analyzed through content analysis. The findings indicate that participants generally have limited prior knowledge of bioethics and lack formal education on the subject. Nevertheless, they emphasized the importance of bioethics education for professional development and for fostering an ethically aware society. The identified needs were organized around four components: learning outcomes, content, teaching-learning processes, and evaluation. Participants highlighted competencies related to understanding bioethical concepts, critical thinking, empathy, and ethical decision-making, and emphasized interdisciplinary content, experiential and dialogic pedagogies, and reflective assessment practices. These findings provide an empirically grounded basis for developing BEEP in teacher education.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: bioethics, bioethics education, prospective teachers, curriculum teacher education, needs analysis.
  topic: keywords
creator: Semra Tican Başaran
creator: Hatice Hanım Erol
creator: Eda Yeşil Arslan
creator: Müesser Özcan
creator: Oğuz Özdemir
creator: Eralp Doğu
creator: Özkan Çelik
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-06-26
publication date: 2026-06-26
starting page: 11
ending page: 38

Nedić, Tomislav - Presađivanje organa – pravo, (bio)etika i moral, Medicinska naklada – Hrvatsko filozofsko društvo, Zagreb, 2023.,
type: item
description: Book review.
subject: Book reviews
  topic: section
creator: Jan Defrančeski
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2025-08-18
publication date: 2025-08-18
starting page: 229
ending page: 231

Guest Editors' Editorial
type: item
description: Guest Editors' Editorial
subject: Guest Editors' Editorial
  topic: section
creator: Luka Janeš
creator: Štefanija Kožić
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2025-08-18
publication date: 2025-08-18
starting page: 65
ending page: 66

Editorial: A new chapter in continuity: Honoring the past, embracing the future of Jahr
type: item
description: Editorial
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
creator: Toni Buterin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2025-08-18
publication date: 2025-08-18
starting page: 7
ending page: 7

Contemplations on knowing in philosophical counselling
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.17.1.5 Abstracted from experiences of philosophical counselling, which involve developing a deeper understanding of oneself and others, this paper discusses the critical moments when the counsellor and counselee question their knowledge claims. Often, knowledge of the self and others is complementary, facilitating self-reflection and learning. Similar to other counselling contexts, philosophical counselling presupposes the counsellor’s expertise and the counsellee’s openness to change. In this process, people often feel exposed and vulnerable before they feel empowered. Furthermore, since philosophical counselling aims to enable the counsellee to live a contemplative life, counselling becomes a ground for constant negotiation about self and others, their identities, definitions, and transformations. Inevitably, in this counselling process, one enters someone’s personal space, defined by the boundaries one draws around oneself. Although the counselling space is deliberate, entering the personal space may sometimes feel unwelcome. This act of overstepping, shifting, blurring, or breaking the boundaries may be understood as a transgression. Finally, the paper highlights the underlying philosophical assumptions that make the counselling process possible, discusses perspectives that may not regard transgression as an issue in philosophical counselling, and identifies conditions that may make transgression relevant for it.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: counselling ethics, knowing as transgression, ethics of difference, self in counselling, philosophical practice.
  topic: keywords
creator: Vikas Baniwal
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-06-26
publication date: 2026-06-26
starting page: 89
ending page: 104

Smisao života – od antike do egzistencijalizma i logoterapije
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.16.1.8 Smisao i svrha života u ovome radu dovode se u povezanost sa življenjem dobroga i sretnoga života, kao i s nadilaženjem potreba i pronalaskom „viših svrha”. Od pripadnika antičke filozofije istaknuti su Platon, Aristotel, Epiktet i Epikur, usuglašeni u tome da je za dobar i smislen život potrebna duhovna kultivacija samoga sebe. Potom se osvrćemo na filozofiju egzistencije i njezine temeljne pojmove kao što su sloboda i odgovornost, s naglaskom na individualnome pronalasku smisla osobe. Radom se nastoji: 1) objasniti ulogu i značaj smisla života; 2) prikazati neke od ključnih točaka u poimanju smisla života u antičkoj filozofiji i egzistencijalizmu te njihovim sličnostima i razlikama; 3) prikazati logoterapiju – psihoterapijski pravac predmetno usredotočen na smisao; i 4) ukazati na nezaobilaznu ulogu filozofije u potrazi za smislom. Nastoji se i evaluirati te pokazati da je pitanje smisla te njegova zahvaćanja i raskrivanja čovjeku univerzalno svojstveno, kao i da je to pitanje na koje se kroz povijest nastojalo odgovoriti na razne načine. Zaključuje se da se smisao može pronaći uz pomoć Drugoga i da do smisla svaki pojedinac dolazi svojim vlastitim individualnim putem i načinom.
subject: Bioetika i aporije psihe 2025/1
  topic: section
subject: svrha života, smisao života, logoterapija, Viktor E. Frankl, egzistencijalizam
  topic: keywords
creator: Štefanija Kožić
creator: Ana Kralj Duka
creator: Luka Janeš
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2025-08-18
publication date: 2025-08-18
starting page: 131
ending page: 143

Metodoontološko viđenje pojma mentalnog zdravlja kod Marxa,Freuda i frankfurtovaca
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.16.1.4 Autor u ovom istraživanju želi iz vlastita metodoontološkog viđenja razmotriti u današnje doba sve češće korišten pojam mentalnog zdravlja. To se nastoji ostvariti prateći tragove Ericha Fromma u okvirima VII. poglavlja knjige „S onu stranu okova iluzije” (1962), koje upravo nosi naziv „Pojam mentalnog zdravlja”. Ovdje on govori samo o Marxu, koji smatra zdravim čovjekom onoga tko je produktivan i tko se iskreno zanima za svijet, dok bi za Freuda „samo primitivan čovjek mogao biti nazvan zdravim”. Osim svih važnih Marxovih i Freudovih radova, kao i ovoga Frommovog djela, posebna će se pažnja posvetiti i drugim njegovim djelima, poput „Zdravog društva” (1955) i godinu dana kasnijeg „Umeća ljubavi” (1956), ali svakako i rada Herberta Marcusea, posebno u djelu koje je objavljeno u godini (1955) kada i Frommovo „Zdravo društvo” – „Eros i civilizacija”.
subject: Bioetika i aporije psihe 2025/1
  topic: section
subject: Metodoontologija, mentalno zdravlje, Karl Marks, Sigmund Frojd, Frankfurtovci, Erih From, Herbert Markuze
  topic: keywords
creator: Vuk Trnavac
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2025-08-18
publication date: 2025-08-18
starting page: 67
ending page: 78

Moralna filozofija Stjepana Zimmermanna
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.16.1.6 Ovaj rad, uz uvod i zaključak, podijeljen je na tri dijela. U prvom dijelu ukratko se izlažu biografski i bibliografski podatci hrvatskog filozofa Stjepana Zimmermanna (Virovitica, 24. prosinca 1884. – Zagreb, 13. travnja 1963.). U drugom dijelu predstavlja se Zimmermannova teistička filozofska pozicija. Zimmermann vrlo jasno u svojim filozofskim radovima zastupa kršćanski teistički nazor na život, a iz toga filozofskog nazora onda posljedično izvodi i daljnje korake za život pojedinca. O čovjeku i njegovu životu, odnosno o čovjekovoj egzistenciji kao pojedincu i kao onome koji živi među drugim ljudima, filozof Zimmermann promišlja u kontekstu filozofije života. U trećem dijelu rada izlaže se Zimmermannova moralna filozofija, koja obuhvaća i teorijsku i praktičnu stranu. Prema teističkom pogledu na moral Bog je vrhovna norma moralnosti, a osobni moralni život u svojoj biti nije ništa doli usavršavanje u Bogu, tj. osoba se sjedinjuje s Bogom, koji je vrhovno mjerilo moralne dobrote. Zaključak je rada da Zimmermann ne smatra nevažnim živi li pojedinac moralnim ili nemoralnim životom te da njegov život ima utjecaj i na njega osobno i na društvo u cjelini.
subject: Bioetika i aporije psihe 2025/1
  topic: section
subject: Stjepan Zimmermann, moralna filozofija, praksa, teizam, ateizam.
  topic: keywords
creator: Ivan Macut
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2025-08-18
publication date: 2025-08-18
starting page: 99
ending page: 115

Psihoterapijski učinak promjene perspektive
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.16.1.7 Zapadni je čovjek danas postao zarobljenik jedne slike svijeta, jednoga (pre-)uskog (redukcionističkog?) viđenja sebe, svoga života, rada, ciljeva, smisla… Posljedično, čini se da su mnogi današnji čovjekovi psiho(-fizički) problemi uzrokovani upravo time, jer biti zarobljen u jednoj uskoj (npr. strogo materijalističkoj) slici svijeta i sebe lako dovodi do određene dezorijentiranosti, besmisla, nihilizma, izgubljenosti, strahova, bez oslonca i sigurnosti… već u svakodnevnom životu, a osobito kad se susretnemo s težim egzistencijalnim situacijama. Dio tih problema manifestira se na koncu u velikom porastu tzv. „specifično ljudskih bolesti”, kao što su neki karcinomi, ateroskleroza, probavne bolesti i sl. Svega toga je, naravno, bilo i ranije, ali u novije se doba dogodilo naglo povećanje. Posvemašnje odbacivanje naslijeđenih predaja i tradicija jedan je od glavnih uzroka toga, ističe Viktor Frankl, ali i mnogi drugi filozofi, antropolozi i psiholozi. Naime, čovjek je nedovršeno i slobodno biće, pa neprestano mora sam sebe „stvarati”, odnosno oblikovati i osmišljavati. No, s obzirom na gubitak tradicija i jasnih orijentira, to mu odjednom postaje pretežak zadatak u kojem se lako izgubi, a kao posljedica toga nastaju spomenuti problemi. Stoga uvođenje novih, dobro osmišljenih slika i dubinskih koncepata u naše živote često djeluje kao najbolja terapija.
subject: Bioetika i aporije psihe 2025/1
  topic: section
subject: filozofija egzistencije, psihoterapija, slika (svijeta), kognitivna metafora
  topic: keywords
creator: Ante Periša
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2025-08-18
publication date: 2025-08-18
starting page: 117
ending page: 130

Poteškoće i podrška obitelji djeceo boljele od rijetkih bolesti
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.16.1.10 Djeca oboljela od rijetkih bolesti imaju zdravstvene probleme koji zahtijevaju složenu zdravstvenu i roditeljsku skrb, a često se nalaze u životno ugrožavajućim stanjima. Zbog toga što su rijetke, kod ovih bolesti postoje brojni problemi vezani uz nedovoljna empirijska iskustva. Složena i dugotrajna dijagnostika, neizvjestan tijek i učinkovitost liječenja dovodi do psihofizičke iscrpljenosti roditelja te brojnih problema unutar obitelji. Obitelji djece susreću se s emocionalnim, socijalnim, ekonomskim, organizacijskim, etičkim i drugim teškoćama. Dok neke obitelji pokazuju pozitivan obrazac suočavanja s bolešću kroz traženje načina za ostvarenje što bolje kvalitete života, druge ostaju u fazi „sagorijevanja u bolesti”, što dovodi do psihosomatskih bolesti i narušavanja stabilnosti u funkcioniranju obitelji. Cilj je rada prikazati poteškoće obitelji djece oboljele od rijetkih bolesti, refleksiju bolesti djeteta na kvalitetu života obitelji te detektirane potrebne oblike podrške obiteljima.
subject: Bioetika i aporije psihe 2025/1
  topic: section
subject: rijetke bolesti, djeca, roditeljska skrb, podrška roditeljima
  topic: keywords
creator: Jadranka Pavić
creator: Mateja Krznar
creator: Irena Kovačević
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2025-08-18
publication date: 2025-08-18
starting page: 157
ending page: 165

Interreligious perspectives on euthanasia
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.16.2.5 Various ethical, legal, theological, and sociological issues arise around the topic of euthanasia. Discussions often become intense as they explore whether patients have the right to desire or even induce their premature death, or whether they have the right to refuse continuation of futile treatment. Proponents of euthanasia emphasize the right to autonomy, self-determination, freedom of will, and dignity. They argue that patients should have the right to choose their moment of death to avoid the humiliation and incapacity associated with a painful and prolonged journey towards death. On the other hand, those opposed to euthanasia stress that life is a supreme good, which people have a duty to protect. They highlight the sanctity of life, the naturalness of its end, and the potential risk of abuse of the method, as its application could be extended to various vulnerable groups such as the elderly, people with disabilities, and the mentally ill. This article, without overlooking these interesting issues, attempts an interreligious examination of the matter, aiming to reveal how the three major monotheistic religions, as well as Hinduism and Buddhism, assess, interpret, and understand this practice. The purpose of the article is to highlight both the converging and diverging positions of different theories and to more fully understand the various theological and cultural dimensions that shape the contemporary bioethical perception of euthanasia.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Euthanasia, bioethics, autonomy, right to die, sanctity of life
  topic: keywords
creator: Ioannis Ladas
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-02-06
publication date: 2026-02-06
starting page: 347
ending page: 365

The moral status of the non-human animals in the Western European philosophical tradition
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.17.1.2 The moral status of the non-human animals is one of the most current areas of interest of ethics research. This is because the question of the status of non-human animals should be reconsidered, as traditional attempts to justify granting them rights have focused on identifying similarities between animals and humans. However, from an ontological and epistemological perspective, this question is poorly formulated and problematic; it should instead be framed as: “What are the conditions under which an entity becomes a moral subject?” In seeking an answer, this article revisits the history of Western philosophy to examine how this question has been understood, with the aim of clarifying contemporary positions and proposing a solution: to treat animals in ways comparable to how we treat one another and to refrain from using them instrumentally, instead respecting them as partners.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Dejan Donev
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2026-06-26
publication date: 2026-06-26
starting page: 39
ending page: 56

A ‘Pathless Land’ of Compassion:
type: item
description: https://doi.org/10.21860/j.16.1.9 The connection between the metaphysics of the self and ethics is often relegated to the margins in the mainstream philosophies. Be it the empiricists following Hume concerning the gulf between the “is-ought” judgments or contemporary analytic philosophers who agree with G. E. Moore’s notion of the “naturalistic fallacy.” In this article, we focus on the relationship between the metaphysics of the self and its implications for ethics, particularly a bioethical perspective on the mental well-being of human beings in terms of compassion, empathy and love. Such a perspective has the potential of self-transformation by using the tools of Philosophical Counselling in tune with Krishnamurti’s insights and dialogues of Zen Kōans. Can we speak about empathy as a path or empathy as a goal? Also, can we speak about self-compassion and compassion for others as being separated or divided? The response lies beyond dualism, beyond categories that we are used to, that we are trained to see. Through the exploration of Krishnamurti’s insights on thought, memory, knowledge and experience, which show that these are always limited and therefore bring division and conflict, and then Zen Kōans as a dialogue between the master and a disciple(s), where disciple(s) should get freed from the ideas, forms, and all that is created by thought, we arrive at the place where duality ends. And where duality ends, there dwells empathy, love and compassion opening up possibilities for self-transformation through philosophising
subject: Bioetika i aporije psihe 2025/1
  topic: section
subject: Compassion
  topic: keywords
subject: empathy
  topic: keywords
subject: love
  topic: keywords
subject: thought
  topic: keywords
subject: metaphysics of the self
  topic: keywords
subject: well-being
  topic: keywords
subject: Jiddu Krishnamurti
  topic: keywords
subject: Zen Kōans
  topic: keywords
creator: Bojana Brajkov
creator: Koshy Tharakan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jahr – European Journal of Bioethics
date: 2025-08-18
publication date: 2025-08-18
starting page: 145
ending page: 155