Spatial Data Analysis for Air Quality Monitoring

Abstract

This paper provides an overview of air quality monitoring, emphasizing the importance of accurate and continuous monitoring for the protection of human health in today’s world, where the consequences of air pollution represent a serious public health challenge. Special attention is given to nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), one of the key indicators of urban air pollution. The analysis is based on ground-level NO₂ concentration data, as well as atmospheric NO₂ concentrations obtained through satellite measurements, complemented by an analysis of meteorological, atmospheric, and geomorphological data to investigate the spatial and temporal variability of NO₂ in the Zagreb area. The results show that satellitebased methods significantly complement the limitations of point measurements and enable a more detailed understanding and monitoring of pollution, while also highlighting the complexity of the relationship between NO₂, meteorological conditions, and urban factors. The paper also underscores the need for advanced models to enable more accurate assessment and monitoring of air quality.