ZAŠTITA ZDRAVLJA I SIGURNOSTI NA RADU U KONTEKSTU DIREKTIVE (EU) 2024/1760 O DUŽNOJ PAŽNJI ZA ODRŽIVO POSLOVANJE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25234/pv/35713Ključne riječi:
zaštita na radu, sigurnost i zdravlje na radu, održivi razvoj, odgovorno poslovanje, dužna pažnjaSažetak
U radu se prikazuje kako je velika katastrofa u tekstilnoj tvornici u Rana Plazi u Bangladešu utjecala da neadekvatne mjere zaštite na radu u globalnim lancima dođu u fokus javnosti, te se uslijed pritiska javnosti razvije svijest o nužnosti održivog poslovanja poduzeća i u kontekstu osiguravanja sigurnosti i zdravlja na radu. Pojašnjava se kako se dobrovoljno usklađenje nije pokazalo dovoljnim te se odgovarajuće djeluje na uspostavi održivog poslovanja propisivanjem određenih obveza poduzećima. Nakon što je uvedena obveza nefinancijskog izvještavanja slijedom koje izvješća o poslovanju poduzeća trebaju obuhvatiti i informacije o određenim socijalnim čimbenicima i čimbenicima u području ljudskih prava, pa tako i radnim uvjetima, uključujući zdravlje i sigurnost, nedavno je usvojena i Direktiva (EU) 2024/1760 o dužnoj pažnji za održivo poslovanje. U radu se pojašnjava na koji se način slijedom odredbi ove Direktive poduzeća obvezuje na odgovorno poslovno ponašanje i u kontekstu zaštite sigurnosti i zdravlja radnika, što bi trebalo pridonijeti globalnom osiguravanju zdravlja i povećanju sigurnosti na radu zbog ekstrateritorijalnih mjera dužne pažnje u lancima aktivnosti koje su poduzeća obvezna poduzimati. Analiziraju se obveze nametnute poduzećima na koje se ova Direktiva primjenjuje i načini na koji će nakon početka primjene moći zadovoljiti te obveze u području zaštite na radu te se promišlja o učinku koji će ona imati u Republici Hrvatskoj i na koji bi se način moglo pristupiti njezinoj implementaciji u Republici Hrvatskoj u kontekstu podizanja standarda zaštite na radu.
Reference
Alli BO, Fundamental Principles of Occupational Health and Safety (International Labour Office – Geneva 2008)
Blokland PJ i Reniers GL, 'The Concepts of Risk, Safety, and Security: A Fundamental Exploration and Understanding of Similarities and Differences' In: Bieder C, Pettersen Gould K (eds) The Coupling of Safety and Security (Springer Briefs in Applied Sciences and Technology 2020)
Bradford A, 'Exporting standards: The externalization of the EU's regulatory power via markets' (2015) 42 International Review of Law & Economics 158
Bičo Ćar M, 'Održivi razvoj i promjene u vođenju savremenog poslovanja' (2013, 2014) 6–7 Godišnjak Titius 155
Friend MA i Kohn JP, Fundamentals of occupational safety and health (Government Institutes 2007)
Jurić D, Zubović A i Čulinović-Herc E, 'Large companies saving people and the planet – reflections on the personal scope of the application of the Corporate sustainability due diligence directive' (2022) 9 (2) InterEUlaweast, 1
Klarić P i Vedriš M, Građansko pravo (deveto izdanje, Narodne novine, 2006)
Matešić M, Pavlović D i Bartoluci D, Društveno odgovorno poslovanje (VPŠ Libertas, 2015)
Palačić D, 'Occupational health and safety risk management model', In: 16th International Conference Management and Safety 2021 (ESSE Online Conference, 2021) 52
Palačić D, Sustavi upravljanja sigurnošću, (IPROZ, 2011)
Palačić D, Lalić Ž, Pintarić Lj. i Kurbanjev D, 'Analiza modela procesa upravljanja zaštitom na radu u Republici Hrvatskoj' (2020) 62 (2) Sigurnost, 139
Pavić-Rogošić L, Novi izazovi: Globalni ciljevi održivog razvoja do 2030. (ODRAZ – Održivi razvoj zajednice, 2015)
Šijaković A, Krišto I i Batak M, 'Društveno odgovorno poslovanje i zaštita zdravlja i sigurnost na radu' (2013) 55 (4) Sigurnost, 359
Tokas M, 'The concept of the level playing field in International Economic Law' (2024) 27 Journal of International Economic Law, 558
Tomin K R, 'Germany Takes Action on Corporate Due Diligence', (2022) 18 (2) Loyola University Chicago International Law Review, 193
Tomšić D, Janković M i Tišma S, 'The evolution of sustainable development as a moderator of corporate governance practices – the case of Croatia' (2024) 11 (2) InterEUlaweast, 49
van Beesti F i Orij R, 'The Omnibus Directive – pros and cons from multiple perspectives' (2025) Maandblad voor Accountancy en Bedrijfseconomie 99 (2), 57
Vrdoljak Raguž I i Hazdovac K, 'Društveno odgovorno poslovanje i hrvatska gospodarska praksa' (2014), 4(1) Oeconomica Jadertina, 40
Wolff J 'Introduction: What is the value of preventing a fatality?' In: Lewens T (eds) Risk: Philosophical Perspectives (Routledge, 2007)
PROPISI I DOKUMENTI
Direktiva EU 2025/794 Europskog parlamenta i Vijeća od 14. travnja 2025. o izmjeni direktiva (EU) 2022/2464 i (EU) 2024/1760 u pogledu datuma od kojih države članice trebaju primjenjivati određene zahtjeve za korporativno izvješćivanje i dubinsku analizu za održivo poslovanje (Tekst značajan za EGP) [2025] SL L 2025/794
Direktiva (EU) 2024/1760 Europskog parlamenta i Vijeća od 13. lipnja 2024. o dužnoj pažnji za održivo poslovanje i izmjeni Direktive (EU) 2019/1937 te Uredbe EU 2023/2859 (tekst važan za EGP) (2024) SL L 2024/1760
Direktiva (EU) 2022/2464 Europskog parlamenta i Vijeća od 14. prosinca 2022. o izmjeni Uredbe (EU) 537/2014, Direktive 2004/109/EZ, Direktive 2006/43/EZ 1937 i Direktive 2013/34/EU u pogledu korporativnog izvještavanja o održivosti (tekst važan za EGP) (2022) SL L 2022/322
Gesetz über die unternehmerischen Sorgfaltspflichten in Lieferketten (Lieferkettensorgfaltspflichtengesetz – LkSG), Bundesgesetzblatt I 2021, br. 46, str. 2959.,16. srpnja 2021.
Loi n° 2017-399 du 27 mars 2017 relative au devoir de vigilance des sociétés mères et des entreprises donneuses d'ordre, Journal officiel de la République française, br. 0074, 28. ožujka 2017.
Lov om virksomheters åpenhet og arbeid med grunnleggende menneskerettigheter og anstendige arbeidsforhold (åpenhetsloven), Lovdata, br. LOV-2021-06-18-99, 18. lipnja 2021.
Povelja Europske unije o temeljnim pravima (2016) SL C 202/2
Zakon o zaštiti na radu (Narodne novine, broj 71/2014, 118/2014, 154/2014, 94/2018, 96/2018)
MREŽNI IZVORI
Ashrafi M, Adams M, Walker TR i Magnan G, 'How corporate social responsibility can be integrated into corporate sustainability: a theoretical review oftheir relationships' (2018) International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, <https://doi.org/10.1080/13504509.2018.1471628> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Ashwin S, Kabeer N i Schüßler E, 'Rana Plaza and its Aftermath Contested Understandings in the Global Garment Industry after Rana Plaza' (2016) 29(4) Accounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal 617 <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/337008420_The_Global_Garment_Industry_after_Rana_Plaza_Contested_Understandings> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Bangladesh agreement on health and safety in the textile and garment industry (2013) <https://cbsd.ilo.org/sites/default/files/2023-08/2013-Accord-1.pdf> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Dey S i Basak P, 'Rana Plaza Disaster and Thereafter: Evaluating Efforts to Manage Safety and Social security in the RMG Sector, Bangladesh' (2016) 12(8) Perspective in Social Sciences 67 <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316433020> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Directive on Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Frequently asked questions (European Commision, 2024) <https://commission.europa.eu/document/download/7a3e9980-5fda-4760-8f25-bc5571806033_en?filename=240719_CSDD_FAQ_final.pdf> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Ebner D i Baumgartner R J, 'The relationship between Sustainable Development and Corporate Social Responsibility' (2006) Corporate Responsibility Research Conference Dublin, <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228615047_The_relationship_between_sustainable_development_and_corporate_social_responsibility> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Elliott J, '10 Years Have Passed Since the Rana Plaza Collapse, Here’s Where We Are' (Remake, 20 travanj 2023) <https://remake.world/stories/10-year-rana-plaza/> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
EU-OSHA Discussion Paper, 'Monitoring and enhancing OSH in supply chains through sustainability assessment frameworks' (European Agency for Safety and Health at Work, 15. travanj 2023) <https://osha.europa.eu/en/publications/monitoring-and-enhancing-occupational-safety-and-health-supply-chains-through-sustainability-assessment-frameworks> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
European Commission, EU Strategic Framework on Health and Safety at Work 2021-2027 Occupational safety and health in a changing world of work, <https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52021DC0323> pristupljeno 25. veljače 2025.
Eurostat, Database, data for common economic sectors in the EU-15 (1994-2009) and for all economic sectors in the EU-27 (2010-2018), https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database> pristupljeno 25. veljače 2025.
Giovannone M, 'The EU proposal for a Due Diligence Directive: the link between civil liability and workers’ representation' (Global Workplace Law & Policy, 24. travanj 2024) <https://global-workplace-law-and-policy.kluwerlawonline.com/2024/04/24/the-eu-proposal-for-a-due-diligence-directive-the-link-between-civil-liability-and-workers-representation/> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Handfield Robert, 'First Case of Human Rights Violations is Filed under the German Due Diligence Act' (Supply Chain Resource Cooperative, 4. svibnja 2023) <https://scm.ncsu.edu/scm-articles/article/first-case-of-human-rights-violations-is-filed-under-the-german-due-diligence-act> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
ILO brief, 'Occupational safety and health and the future of work in retail in the post-COVID-19 context' (International Labour Organization, 2024) <https://www.ilo.org/resource/brief/occupational-safety-and-health-and-future-work-retail-post-covid-19-context> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs (Europska komisija 2024) <https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/industry/sustainability/corporate-sustainability-and-responsibility_en> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
International accord for health and safety in the textile and garment industry od 1. rujna 2021, <https://cbsd.ilo.org/sites/default/files/2023-08/1-September-International-Accord-on-Health-and-Safety-in-the-Textile-and-Garment-Industry-public-version.pdf> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Keune M, 'Lessons from Rana Plaza: The Need for Global Regulation', In: Social Europe After Rana Plaza Report (2015) 10 <https://www.socialeurope.eu/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/SER-RanaPlaza.pdf > pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Koos S, 'The German Supply Chain Due Diligence Act 2021 and Its Impact on Globally Operating German Companies' (2021) Proceedings of the 2nd Riau Annual Meeting on Law and Social Sciences (RAMLAS 2021) 659 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 111 <https://www.atlantis-press.com/proceedings/ramlas-21/125973359> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Kraft SK, Quayson M i Kellner F, 'Assessing the German Act on Corporate Due Diligence Obligations in Supply Chains: a perspective from the smallholder cocoa farmer' (2024) 5 Frontiers in Sustainability, 1 <https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/sustainability/articles/10.3389/frsus.2024.1376619/full> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Maihack H, 'After Rana Plaza: Bottom Up Not Top Down to Ensure Workers Safety', u Social Europe After Rana Plaza Report (2015) 1 <https://www.socialeurope.eu/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/SER-RanaPlaza.pdf > pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Međunarodna organizacija rada, Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work (1998, 2022) <https://normlex.ilo.org/dyn/nrmlx_en/f?p=1000:62:::NO:62:P62_LIST_ENTRIE_ID:2453911:NO> pristupljeno 16. ožujka 2025.
Međunarodna organizacija rada, Record of Proceedings International Labour Conference 110th Session (2022) <https://www.ilo.org/sites/default/files/wcmsp5/groups/public/@ed_norm/@relconf/documents/meetingdocument/wcms_847510.pdf> pristupljeno 16. ožujka 2025.
Montiel I, 'Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Sustainability: Separate Pasts, Common Futures' (2008) 21 Organization Environment 245 <http://oae.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/21/3/245> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
O'Brien M, Botta G, 'The Corporate Responsibility to Respect Human Rights: An Updated Status Review' in Da Silva Almeida, J L (ed), Corporate Social Responsibility and Social and Environmental Governance: Greenwashing and Human Rights (Lumen Iuris 2022) <https://ssrn.com/abstract=4179257> pristupljeno 19. ožujka 2025.
OECD, OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises on Responsible Business Conduct (OECD Publishing 2023) <https://doi.org/10.1787/81f92357-en> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Pacces A M, 'Civil Liability in the EU Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive Proposal: A Law & Economics Analysis' (2023) 5 Ondernemingsrecht 268 <https://www.stibbe.com/sites/default/files/2023-03/Tijdschrift%20Ondernemingsrecht%20%E2%80%93%20the%20leading%20Dutch%20company%20law%20Journal.pdf > pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Priopćenje Komisije Europskom parlamentu, Vijeću, Europskom ekonomskom i socijalnom odboru i Odboru regija Obnovljena strategija EU-a 2011.–14. za društveno odgovorno poslovanje COM/2011/0681 final <https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A52011DC0681> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Priopćenje Komisije o društvenoj odgovornosti poduzeća: poslovni doprinos održivom razvoju COM/2002/0347 final <https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A52002DC0347> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Signatories (International Accord, 18. prosinca 2024) <https://internationalaccord.org/signatories/#signatories-search> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Sinkovics N, Hoque S F i Sinkovics R R, 'Rana Plaza collapse aftermath: are CSR compliance and auditing pressures effective?' (2020) 51(5) Development and Change 1296 <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/302979974_Rana_Plaza_collapse_aftermath_are_CSR_compliance_and_auditing_pressures_effective> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Svjetska komisija za okoliš i razvoj Ujedinjenih naroda, Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future (1987) pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Što je to društveno odgovorno poslovanje (Odgovorno.hr, 27. ožujka 2015.), <https://odgovorno.hr/sto-je-to-drustveno-odgovorno-poslovanje/> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Ujedinjeni narodi, Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights: Implementing the United Nations ‘Protect, Respect and Remedy’ Framework A/HRC/17/31 (2011) <https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/publications/guidingprinciplesbusinesshr_en.pdf> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Ujedinjeni narodi, Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, A/RES/70/1 (2015) <https://documents.un.org/doc/undoc/gen/n15/291/89/pdf/n1529189.pdf> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
United Nations ‘Protect, Respect and Remedy’ Framework A/HRC/17/31 (2011) <https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/documents/publications/guidingprinciplesbusinesshr_en.pdf> pristupljeno 18. prosinca 2024.
Preuzimanja
Objavljeno
Broj časopisa
Rubrika
Licenca
Autorska prava (c) 2025 Ana Rački Marinković, Darko Palačić
This work is licensed under a KreativniCommons Attribution-NonCommercial Međunarodne licence.
Autori zadržavaju autorska prava za članke objavljene u časopisu, no daju časopisu pravo prvog objavljivanja. Radove prihvaćene za objavljivanje ili već objavljene u Pravnom vjesniku Pravnog fakulteta u Osijeku autor smije objaviti u drugim publikacijama, uz napomenu da je rad već objavljen u Pravnom vjesniku.
