Geology and mineralogy of Fe-Sn deposit in Batubesi, Belitung Island, Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2025.5.7Keywords:
iron-tin, skarn, ore deposit, mineralogy, BatubesiAbstract
Batubesi deposit is a primary Fe-Sn deposit located in the eastern part of Belitung, Indonesia. Previously, mineralisation was known as greisen, but recent studies show that the region has developed skarn-type deposits. Despite that, skarn-type mineralisation has not been well studied. This research aims to study Fe-Sn mineralisation in Batubesi with a geological and mineralogical approach, primarily from field observation and diamond drill core logs and samples. The laboratory methods used are petrology, SEM-EDX, micro-XRF, and XRD analysis to determine mineralogical assemblage, as well as fused bead XRF to determine the geochemical composition of the deposit. The results show that the Batubesi deposit is dominated by skarn-type mineralisation with minor greisen. Two skarn stages have been observed: prograde and retrograde. Prograde stages are characterised by the precipitation of calc-silicate minerals and magnetite then often fractured or brecciated. The fractures and breccia are then altered by the retrograde stage, composed of amphibole, muscovite, and biotite. Sometimes, the alteration is so intense that the previous prograde stage is completely altered. Furthermore, the retrograde stage consists of sulfide minerals as veins such as pyrite, chalcopyrite, and arsenopyrite. Magnetite is the common ore mineral, followed by cassiterite, scheelite, ferberite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, glaucocerinite, and sphalerite.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Aryo Dwi Handoko, Mochamad Slamet Sugiharto, Syafrizal, Alfend Rudyawan, Benyamin Sapiie
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